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Robert DePalma made headlines again in 2021 with the discovery of a leg from a Thescelosaurus dinosaur at Tanis, reported The Washington Post. [5] The fish were not bottom feeders. Fossils from dinosaurs and other animals from thousands of years before the asteroid impact are very hard to come by, leading some to believe . Robert DePalma published a study in December 2021 that said the dinosaurs went extinct in the springtime - but a former colleague has alleged that it's based on fake data. [1]:figure S29 pg.53 In 2022, a partial mummified Thescelosaurus was unearthed here with its skin still intact.[7]. In June 2021, paleontologist Melanie During submitted a . DePalma has not made public the raw, machine-produced data underlying his analyses. No part of Durings paper had any bearing on the content of our study, DePalma says. He says the study published in Scientific Reports began long before During became interested in the topic and was published after extended discussions over publishing a joint paper went nowhere. Gizmodo covered the research at the time. "After a while, we decided it wasn't a good route to go down," he says. The end-Cretaceous Chicxulub impact triggered Earth's last mass-extinction, extinguishing ~ 75% of species diversity and facilitating a global ecological shift to mammal-dominated biomes. The media article was published several days before an accompanying research paper on the site came out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. A wealth of other evidence has persuaded most researchers that the impact played some role in the extinctions. "He could have stumbled on something amazing, but he has a reputation for making a lot out of a little.". All of these factors seemed strange and confused the paleontologists. The raw data are missing, he says, because the scientist who ran the analyses died years prior to the papers publication, and DePalma has been unable to recover them from his deceased collaborators laboratory. But not everyone has fully embraced the find, perhaps in part because it was first announced to the world last week in an article in The New Yorker. It reads: Editors Note: Readers are alerted that the reliability of data presented in this manuscript is currently in question. Forum News Service, provided This impact, which struck the Gulf of Mexico 66.043 million years ago, wiped out all non-avian dinosaurs and many other species (the so-called "K-Pg" or "K-T" extinction). DePalma says his team also invited Durings team to join DePalmas ongoing study. Although they stopped short of saying the irregularities clearly point to fraud, mostbut not allsaid they are so concerning that DePalmas team must come up with the raw data behind its analyses if team members want to clear themselves. Victoria Wicks: DePalma's name is listed first on the research article published in April last year, and he has been the primary spokesman on the story . [15][1]:p.8. Ultimately, both studies, which appeared in print within weeks of each other, were complementary and mutually reinforcing, he says. Eighteen months before publication of the peer-reviewed PNAS paper in 2019[1] DePalma and his colleagues presented two conference papers on fossil finds at Tanis on 23 October 2017 at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. We may earn a commission from links on this page. Tanis is a significant site because it appears to record the events from the first minutes until . According to the Science article, During suspects that DePalma, eager to claim credit for the finding, wanted to scoop herand made up the data to stake his claim.. While some lived near a river, lake, lagoon, or another place where sediment was found, many thrived in other habitats. A version of this story appeared in Science, Vol 378, Issue 6625. They had breathed in early debris that fell into water, in the seconds or minutes before death. Discoveries shed new light on the day the dinosaurs died. Several independent scientists consulted about the case by Science agreed the Scientific Reports paper contains suspicious irregularities, and most were surprised that the paperwhich they note contains typos, unresolved proofreaders notes, and several basic notation errorswas published in the first place. The event included waves with at least 10 meters run-up height (the vertical distance a wave travels after it reaches land). It is not even clear whether the massive waves were able to traverse the entire Interior Seaway. The co-authors included Walter Alvarez and Jan Smit, both renowned experts on the K-Pg impact and extinction. posted a statement on the journal feedback website PubPeer, a document containing what he says are McKinneys data, Earliest evidence of horseback riding found in eastern cowboys, Funding woes force 500 Women Scientists to scale back operations, Lawmakers offer contrasting views on how to compete with China in science, U.K. scientists hope to regain access to EU grants after Northern Ireland deal, Astronomers stumble in diplomatic push to protect the night sky, Satellites spoiling more and more Hubble images, Pablo Neruda was poisoned to death, a new forensic report suggests, Europes well-preserved bog bodies surrender their secrets, Teens leukemia goes into remission after experimental gene-editing therapy, Paleontologist accused of fraud in paper on dino-killing asteroid, Scientist-Consultants Accuse OSI of Missing the Pattern, Journal will not retract influential paper by botanist accused of plagiarism and fraud. 2021 (106) December (5) November (8) October (8 . It features what appear to be scanned printouts of manually typed tables containing the isotopic data from the fish fossils. No fossil beds were yet known that could clearly show the details that might resolve these questions. Those files were almost certainly backed up, and the lab must have some kind of record keeping process that says what was done when and by whom., Barbi is similarly unimpressed. This further evidences the violent nature of the event. They presumably formed from droplets of molten rock launched into the atmosphere at the impact site, which cooled and solidified as they plummeted back to Earth. This means that the skeletons located there are older than the asteroid that hit the earth, suggesting that some other event, like widespread volcanic eruptions or even climate change, did the dinosaurs in even before the asteroid appeared. View Obituary & Service Information 01/05/2021. In fact, there are probably dinosaur types that still remain unidentified, reported Smithsonian Magazine. It can be divided into two layers, a bottom layer about 0.5m thick ("unit 1"), and a top layer about 0.8m thick (unit 2), capped by a 1 2cm layer of impactite tonstein that is indistinguishable from other dual layered KPg impact ejection materials found in Hells Creek, and finally a layer around 6cm thick of plant remains. With Gizmodos Molly Taft | Techmodo. [8] The site continues to be explored. Despite more than 200 years of study, paleontologists have named only several hundred species. If we've learned anything from the COVID-19 pandemic, it's that we cannot wait for a crisis to respond. Until a few years ago, some researchers had suspected the last dinosaurs vanished thousands of years before the catastrophe. FAU's Robert DePalma, senior author and an adjunct professor in the Department of Geosciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, and a doctoral student at the . [5] Analysis of early samples showed that the microtektites at Tanis were almost identical to those found at the Mexican impact site, and were likely to be primary deposits (directly from the impact) and not reworked (moved from their original location by later geological processes).[1]. Credit. [1]:Fig.1 and p.9181-8192 Although other flooding is evidenced in Hells Creek, the Tanis deposit does not appear to relate to any other Marine transgression (inland shoreline movement) known to have taken place. It is truly a magnificent site surely one of the best sites ever found for telling just what happened on the day of the impact. DePalma quickly began to suspect that he had stumbled upon a monumentally important and unique site not just "near" the K-Pg boundary, but a unique killing field that precisely captured the first minutes and hours after impact, when the K-Pg boundary was created, along with an unprecedented fossil record of creatures and plants that died on that day, as well as material directly from the impact itself, in circumstances that allowed exceptional preservation. Melanie During suspects Robert DePalma wanted to claim credit for identifying the dinosaur-killing asteroids season of impact and fabricated data in order to be able to publish a paper before she did. [30] However, the journal later published a note in December 2022 stating that "the reliability of data presented in this manuscript [] currently in question" following claims that data in the paper was fabricated in order to scoop a later paper[18] published in Nature February 2022 (but submitted before the Scientific Reports paper was submitted), by a separate team, which also studied the fish skeletons found at Tanis, and also identified annual cyclical changes, and found that the impact had occurred in spring. Robert DePalma: We know there would have been a tremendous air blast from the impact and probably a loud roaring noise accompanied with that similar to standing next to a 747 jet on the runway. The chief editor of Scientific Reports, Rafal Marszalek, says the journal is aware of concerns with the paper and is looking into them. He says the reviewers for the higher-profile journal made requests that were unreasonable for a paper that simply outlines the discovery and initial analysis of Tanis. Such waves are called seiches: The 2011 Tohoku earthquake near Japan triggered 1.5-meter-tall seiches in Norwegian fjords 8000 kilometers away. An imagined dinosaur scene just after the asteroid strike that caused a mass extinction, from . The story of the discoveries is revealed in a new documentary called "Dinosaur Apocalypse," which features naturalist Sir David Attenborough and paleontologist Robert DePalma and airs . He declined to share details because the investigation is ongoing. [1]:p.8193 The original paper describes the river in technical detail:[1]:Fig.1 and p.9181-8193. When the dino-killing asteroid struck Earth, shock waves would have caused a massive water surge in the shallows, researchers say, depositing sedimentary layers that entombed plants and animals killed in the event. Based on the . Appropriate editorial action will be taken once this matter is resolved.. Numerous famous fossils of plants and animals, including many types of dinosaur fossils, have been discovered there. He had already named the genus Dakotaraptor when others identified it as belonging to a prehistoric turtle. Eiler agrees. The site was systematically excavated by Robert DePalma over several years beginning in 2012, working in near total secrecy. The latter paper was published by a team led by Robert DePalma, Durings former collaborator and a paleontologist now at the University of Manchester. Could this provide evidence to the theory that an asteroid did indeed cause the mass extinction of the dinosaurs? [20], Later discoveries included large primitive feathers 3040cm long with 3.5mm quills believed to come from large dinosaurs; broken remains from almost all known Hell Creek dinosaur groups, including some incredibly rare hatchling and intact egg with embryo fossils; fossil pterosaurs for which no other fossils exist at that time; drowned ant nests with ants inside and chambers filled with asteroid debris; and burrows of small mammals living at the site immediately after the impact. Additional fossils, including this beautifully preserved fish tail, have been found at the Tanis site in North Dakota. He reportedly helps fund his fieldwork by selling replicas of his finds to private collectors. There was a fossil everywhere I turned., After she returned to Amsterdam, During asked DePalma to send her the samples she had dug up, mostly sturgeon fossils. Robert DePalmashown here giving a talk at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Aprilpublished a paper in December 2021 showing the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs struck Earth in the spring. These powerful creatures prowled the Earth for about 165 million years before mysteriously disappearing (via U.S. Geological Survey). Melanie During, a paleontologist at Uppsala University in Sweden, submitted a paper for publication in the journal Nature in June 2021. The paleontologist Robert DePalma excavating a tangle of plant and animal fossils at the Tanis site in North Dakota. Fragile remains spanning the layers of debris show that the site was laid down in a single event over a short timespan. The paper, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), does not include all the scientific claims mentioned in The New Yorker story, including that numerous dinosaurs as well as fish were buried at the site. An aspiring novelist, he attended The Ohio State University studying English and "That's the first ever evidence of the interaction between life on the last day of the Cretaceous and the impact event," team member Phillip Manning, a paleontologist at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom, told the publication. Tanis is on private land; DePalma holds the lease to the site and controls access to it. High-resolution x-rays revealed this paddlefish fossil from Tanis, a site in North Dakota, contained bits of glassy debris deposited shortly after the dinosaur-killing asteroid impact. By 2013, he was still studying the site, which he named "Tanis" after the ancient Egyptian city of the same name,[5] and had told only three close colleagues about it. The situation was first reported by the publication Science last month. What's potentially so special about this site? When asked for more information on the situation on January 3, a spokesperson for Scientific Reports said there were no updates. How to Know If the Heat Is Making You Sick. 2 / 4: Robert A. DePalma, a paleontologist at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History and a graduate student at the University of Kansas. "His line between commercial and academic work is not as clean as it is for other people," says one geologist who asked not to be named. paper] may be fabricated, created to fit an already known conclusion. (She also posted the statement on the OSF Preprints server today.). ^Note 2 If two earthquakes have moment magnitudes M1 and M2, then the energy released by the second earthquake is about 101.5 x (M2 M1) times as much at the first. A thin layer of bone cells on sturgeons fins thickens each spring and thins in the fall, providing a kind of seasonal metronome; the x-rays revealed these layers were just beginning to thicken when the animals met their end, pointing to a springtime impact. This dinosaur, a giant reptilian, lived during the Early Cretaceous period in oceans. Science asked other co-authors on the paper, including Manning, for comment, but none responded. Tanis is a site of paleontological interest in southwestern North Dakota, United States. though Robert DePalma's love of the dead and buried was anything but . His advisor suggested seeking a similar site, closer to the K-Pg boundary layer. Jan Smit first presented a paper describing the Tanis site, its association with the K-Pg boundary event and associated fossil discoveries, including the presence of glass spherules from the Chicxulub impact clustered in the gill rakers of acipenciform fishes and also found in amber. In a recent article in The New Yorker, author Douglas Preston recounts his experience with paleontologist Robert DePalma, who uncovered some of the first evidence to settle these debates. [1]:p.8 Seiche waves often occur shortly after significant earthquakes, even thousands of miles away, and can be sudden and violent. [3] DePalma then presented a paper describing excavation of a burrow created by a small mammal that had been made "immediately following the K-Pg impact" at Tanis. Also, there is little evidence on the detailed effects of the event on Earth and its biosphere. For the archaeological site in Egypt, see, PNAS paper published in 2019: Prepublication and authorship, Last edited on 25 February 2023, at 16:30, CretaceousPaleogene ("K-Pg" or "K-T") extinction event, "A seismically induced onshore surge deposit at the KPg boundary, North Dakota", Life after impact: A remarkable mammal burrow from the Chicxulub aftermath in the Hell Creek Formation, North Dakota, Tanis, a mixed marine-continental event deposit at the KPG Boundary in North Dakota caused by a seiche triggered by seismic waves of the Chicxulub Impact, "A Blast from the Past: Geochemical Identity of the Chicxulub Bolide and Immediate Effects of the Impact, recorded at Tanis, North Dakota", "Tanis: Fossil of dinosaur killed in asteroid strike found, scientists claim", "International Consensus Link Between Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction Is Rock Solid", "The Chicxulub Asteroid Impact and Mass Extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary", "National Natural Landmarks National Natural Landmarks (U.S. National Park Service)", "Fossil site is first ever to show deaths from mass extinction asteroid impact", "Paleontologist accused of faking data in dino-killing asteroid paper", "Stunning discovery offers glimpse of minutes following 'dinosaur-killer' Chicxulub impact", "Google News search 'Robert DePalma fossil' before 2019-03-28", "Incredible fossil find may be first victims of dino-killer asteroid", "Google News search 'Robert DePalma fossil' 27-03 to 2903 2019", Robert DePalma voice interview with Jason Spiess on the 'Crude Life Content Network' channel, "Robert DEPALMA | Postgraduate Researcher | the University of Manchester, Manchester | Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences", "Impaled turtle reveals new insight on the day the dinosaurs died", "A Turtle from the Tanis KPG Mass-Death Assemblage: Further Evidence for Circum-Riparian Disruption by a Massive Chicxulub Impact-Triggered Surge", "Seasonal calibration of the end-cretaceous Chicxulub impact event", "The Mesozoic terminated in boreal spring", A seismically induced onshore surge deposit at the KPg boundary, North Dakota (2019), Supporting material and analysis for above paper (2019), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanis_(fossil_site)&oldid=1141547888, animals and plant material preserved in three-dimensional detail and at times upright, rather than pressed flat as usual, their remains thrown together by the massive wave movements, millions of "near perfect" primary (that is, not, large primitive feathers 3040cm long with 3.5mm quills, broken remains from almost all known Hell Creek dinosaur groups, fossils of hatchlings and intact eggs with embryo fossils, "the fluctuating, reticulated terminal-Cretaceous shoreline was not far away from the Tanis region", "The Event Deposit is a 1.3-m-thick bed that shows an overall grading upward from coarse sand to fine silt/clay and is associated with a deeply incised, large meandering river [and] sharply overlies the aggrading surface of a point bar", "the point bar exhibits 10.5 m of isochronous elevation change along its inclined surface and its width extends <50 m perpendicular to (ancient) flow direction. This is misconduct, During wrote in an email to Gizmodo. The site, dubbed "Tanis," first underwent excavation in 2012, with DePalma and his team digging along a section known as the Hell Creek Formation (via Boredom Therapy). ", "Tanis exhibits a depositional scenario that was unusual in being highly conducive to exceptional (largely three dimensional) preservation of many articulated carcasses (Konservat-Lagersttte). Han var redan som barn fascinerad av ben. More: Science Publisher Retracts 44 Papers for Being Utter Nonsense, We may earn a commission from links on this page. Her mentor there, paleontologist Jan Smit, introduced her to DePalma, at the time a graduate student at the University of Kansas, Lawrence. These include many rare and unique finds, which allow unprecedented examination of the direct effects of the impact on plants and animals alive at the time of the large impact some 3,000km (1,900mi) distant. During visited Tanis in 2017, when she was a masters student at the Free University of Amsterdam. Th Point bars are common in mature or meandering streams. Even as a child, DePalma wondered what the Cretaceous was like. Raising the Bar: Chocolate's History, Art, and Taste With Sophia Contreras Rea DePalma also acknowledged that the manual transcription process resulted in some regrettable instances in which data points drifted from the correct values, but none of these examples changed the overall geometry of the plotted lines or affected their interpretation. McKinneys non-digital data set, he says, is viable for research work and remains within normal tolerances for usage.. DePalma's dinosaur study, published in Scientific Reports in December 2021, . He is survived by his loving wife,. Han vxte upp i Boca Raton i Florida. Plus, tektites, pieces of natural glass formed by a meteor's impact, were scattered amid the soil. The events at Tanis occurred far too soon after impact to be caused by the megatsunamis expected from any large impact near large bodies of water. [31][18], A BBC documentary on Tanis, titled Dinosaurs: The Final Day, with Sir David Attenborough, was broadcast on 15 April 2022. After The New Yorker published "The Day the Dinosaurs Died," which details the discovery of a fossil site in Hell's Creek, North Dakota, by Robert DePalma a Kansas State PhD student and paleontologist, debates and discussions across the country arose over the article. The CretaceousPaleogene ("K-Pg" or "K-T") extinction event around 66 million years ago wiped out all non-avian dinosaurs and many other species. When we look at the preservation of the leg and the skin around the articulated bones, we're talking on the day of impact or right before. Ahlberg shared her concerns. This directly applies to today. Paleontologist accused of faking data in dino-killing asteroid paper. In December 2021, a team of paleontologists published data . As of April 2019, reported findings include: The hundreds of fish remains are distributed by size, and generally show evidence of tetany (a body posture related to suffocation in fish), suggesting strongly that they were all killed indiscriminately by a common suffocating cause that affected the entire population. "I hope this is all legit I'm just not 100% convinced yet," said Thomas Tobin, a geologist at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. The email, which came after Science started to inquire about the case, says their concerns remain under investigation. Other papers describing the site and its fossils are in progress. Special to The Forum. In the BBC documentary, Robert DePalma, a relative of film director Brian De Palma, can be seen sporting an Indiana Jones-style fedora and tan shirt. DePalma characterizes their interactions differently. [citation needed], At the time of the Chicxulub impact, the present-day North American continent was still forming. During, whose paper was accepted by Nature shortly afterward and published in February, suspects that DePalma, eager to claim credit for the finding, wanted to scoop herand made up the data to stake his claim. According to Science, DePalma was incorrect in 2015 when he believed he discovered a bone from a new type of dinosaur. (DePalma and colleagues published a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in 2019 that described finding these spherules in different samples analyzed at another facility.). May 9, 2022 at 7:00 a.m. EDT. At the site, called Tanis, the researchers say they have discovered the chaotic debris left when tsunamilike waves surged up a river valley. Searching in the hills of North Dakota, palaeontologist Robert DePalma makes an incredible . Asked where McKinney conducted his isotopic analyses, DePalma did not provide an answer. However, two independent scientists who reviewed the data behind the paper shortly after its publication say they were satisfied with its authenticity and have no reason to distrust it. At his suggestion, she wrote a formal letter to Scientific Reports. DePalma gave the name Tanis to both the site and the river. Disbelievers of this supposition, though, point to the lack of fossils in the KT layer as proof that this thesis is false more fossils are discovered some 10 feet underneath the layer. . Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. DePalma took over excavation rights on it several years ago from commercial fossil prospectors who discovered the site in 2008. Others defend DePalma, like his co-author, Mark Richards, a geophysicist at the University of California, Berkeley. December 10, 2021 Source: . The Hell Creek Formation is a well-known and much-studied fossil-bearing formation (geological region) of mostly Upper Cretaceous and some lower Paleocene rock, that stretches across portions of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming in North America. In June 2021, paleontologist Melanie During submitted a manuscript to Nature that she suspected might create a minor scientific sensation. "I've been asked, 'Why should we care about this? Many theories exist about why the dinosaurs disappeared from the Earth. The site was originally discovered in 2008 by University of North Georgia Professor Steve Nicklas and field paleontologist Rob Sula. Tanis is the only known site in the Hell Creek Formation where such conditions were met, [so] the deposit attests to the exceptional nature of the [Event]. She also removed DePalma as an author from her own manuscript, then under review at Nature. Such Konservat-Lagersttten are rare because they require special depositional circumstances. Traduzioni in contesto per "i paleontologi che" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Ma i paleontologi che studiano dettagliatamente i denti fossilizzati di questi animali hanno sospettato che non erano quello semplice. Underneath a freshwater paddlefish skeleton, a mosasaur tooth appeared. "Those few meters of rock record the wrath of the Chicxulub impact and the devastation it caused." Ive done quite a few excavations by now, and this was the most phenomenal site Ive ever worked on, During says. Robert DePalma, a curator at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History, found some rare fossils close to Bowman, North Dakota, in 2013 that led to a hypothesis of his own. Robert DePalma is a vertebrate paleontologist, based out of Florida Atlantic University (FAU), whose focus on terrestrial life of the late Cretaceous, the Chicxulub asteroid impact, and the evolution of theropod dinosaurs, was sparked by a passionate fascination with the past. Robert DEPALMA, Postgraduate Researcher | Cited by 253 | of The University of Manchester, Manchester | Read 18 publications | Contact Robert DEPALMA The x-rays revealed tiny bits of glass called spherulesremnants of the shower of molten rock that would have been thrown from the impact site and rained down around the world. All rights reserved. "That some competitors have cast Robert in a negative light is unfortunate and unfair," Richards told Science. Robert James DePalma, 71, a longtime Florida resident passed away Tuesday, May 12, 2020 at his residence in Fort Myers, FL. Several more papers on Tanis are now in preparation, Manning says, and he expects they will describe the dinosaur fossils that are mentioned in The New Yorker article. His reputation suffered when, in 2015, he and his colleagues described a new genus of dinosaur named Dakotaraptor, found in a site close to Tanis. DePalma did not respond to a Gizmodo request for comment, but he told Science, We absolutely would not, and have not ever, fabricated data and/or samples to fit this or another teams results., On December 9, a note was added to DePalmas paper on the Scientific Reports website. [18], DePalma began excavating systematically in 2012[1]:11 and quickly found the site to contain very unusual and promising features. When I saw [microtektites in their own impact craters], I knew this wasnt just any flood deposit. When DePalmas paper was published just over 3 months later, During says she soon noticed irregularities in the figures, and she was concerned the authors had not published their raw data. The Byte reports that the amber was found 2,000 miles away from the asteroid crater off the coast of Mexico believed to be . Proposed by Luis and Walter Alvarez, it is now widely accepted that the extinction was caused by a huge asteroid or bolide that impacted Earth in the shallow seas of the Gulf of Mexico, leaving behind the Chicxulub crater. The paper cleared peer review at PNAS within about 4 months. Other geologists say they can't shake a sense of suspicion about DePalma himself, who, along with his Ph.D. work, is also a curator at the Palm Beach Museum of Natural History in Wellington, Florida. After his excavations at the Tanis site in North Dakota unearthed a huge trove of fish fossils that were likely blasted by the asteroid impact . If Tanis is all it is claimed to be, that debateand many others about this momentous day in Earth's historymay be over. In turn, the fish remains revealed the season their lives endedergo, the precise timing of the devastating asteroid strike to the Yucatn Peninsula. A bad day for dinosaurs was the subject of an engaging hour-and-a-half for both paleontologists and NASA researchers. Additional fossils, including this beautifully preserved fish tail, have been found at the Tanis site in North Dakota. Schoene and some others believe environmental turmoil caused by large-scale volcanic activity in what is now central India may have taken a toll even before the impact. Something is fishy here, says Mauricio Barbi, a high energy physicist at the University of Regina who specializes in applying physics methods to paleontology. "I just hope this hasn't been oversensationalized.". [1] Simultaneous media disclosure had been intended via the New Yorker, but the magazine learned that a rival newspaper had heard about the story, and asked permission to publish early to avoid being scooped by waiting until the paper was published.
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