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Explore how the human body functions as one unit in Every statement made about the work by a reader of the translation should also be true of the original text. Contemporary met narratives were becoming less relevant in light of the implications of World War I, the rise of trade unionism, a general social discontent, and the emergence of psychoanalysis. Home from his date, Stradlater barges into the room. One of the main problem or difficulty in translation- is the use of bilingual dictionaries. When Stradlater nonchalantly refuses to tell Holden any of the details, Holden attacks him, but Stradlater pins him to the floor and tries to get him to calm down. The tension between the two increases when Holden asks Stradlater about his date with Jane. Lotman describes literature and art in general as a secondary modelling systems, as an indication of the fact that they are derived from the primary modelling system of language, and declares as firmly as Sapir or Whorf that `No language can exist unless it is stepped in the context of culture; and no culture can exist which does not have at its centre, the structure of natural language.' The problem is to find a translating expression. Scholars As far as idioms and phraseological units are concerned in translation, the first difficulty that a translator comes across is being able to recognize that s/he is dealing with an idiomatic expression. We can see that it were negative comments, hard criticsMany critics told that there wasnt any novel that went into the adolescence as this Salingers work. It is often subsumed under the general umbrella of 'relying on the context to disambiguate meanings', which, among other things, means using our knowledge of collocational patterns to decode the meaning of a word or a stretch of language. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. One might think that if the distinction can be made, people are home free and the computer can produce an acceptable translation. I shoot people in this hat.. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? Mad about Children." It first appears in Chapter 16, when a kid Holden admires for walking in the street rather than on the sidewalk is singing the Robert Burns song Comin' Thro' the Rye. In Chapter 22, when Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life, he replies with his image, from the song, of a catcher in the rye. Holden imagines a field of rye perched high on a cliff, full of children romping and playing. Holden's jargon is consistent and very enlightening. Latest answer posted April 29, 2021 at 3:04:20 PM. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". All three of these symbols have great significance in this book. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye, Salinger refers greatly in one chapter to ducks in central park. Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. When his parents return home, Holden slips out and visits his former and much-admired English teacher, Mr. Antolini, who expresses concern that Holden is headed for "a terrible fall". The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. A word is judged to be polysemous if it has two senses of the word whose meanings are related. Salinger's language, especially his energetic, realistically sparse dialogue, was revolutionary at the time his first stories were published, and was seen by several critics as "the most distinguishing thing" about his work .Salinger identified closely with his characters, and used techniques such as interior monologue, letters, and extended telephone calls to display his gift for dialogue. Experience, he asserts, is largely determined by the language habits of the community, and each separate structure represents a separate reality: No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. This ungrammatical usage emphasizes the disillusionment Holden feels because almost no one sees the world like he does-he constantly has to reassure him that others would do the same thing or feel the same way. According to Lotfipour-Saedi, the texture of a text can be characterized by textual features of: Cohesive relations may be grammatical or lexical. He wants everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed, like the statues of Eskimos and Indians in the museum. This straightforward, simple read is nonetheless used in many schools today for its rich content of symbols and truthfulness. This is a shift from an epistemological aesthetic to an ontological aesthetic or, in simpler terms, a shift from a knowledge-based aesthetic to a being-based aesthetic. Holden's decision to write about a baseball glove, a subject Stradlater considers unacceptable, leads to their fight, which is one of the factors leading to all the subsequent events in the novel: "All of a sudden, I decided what I'd really do, I'd get the hell out of Pencey--right that same night and all. Language, then, is the heart within the bodies of culture, and it is the interaction between the two that results in the continuation of life-energy. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions,. Polyseme in the same time is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) The theme such as the translation difficulties and lexical peculiarities is actual and well-known today because these are two the most important elements of a lexical-stylistic analysis or important elements of studies in lexicology and in translation studies. Their mysterious perseverance in the face of an inhospitable environment resonates with Holden's understanding of his own situation. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. Through the use of lucky symbols their life is changed to what will make them happy. This difference of word combinability in various languages is very important; therefore some types of combinability are easily accepted in one of language and are completely unacceptable in other languages. . As he demonstrates at the Museum of Natural History, Holden likes the world to be silent and frozen, predictable and unchanging. I need at least one quote for support. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/the-importance-of-stradlaters-composition-in-the-catcher-in-the-rye/, The Catcher in The Rye: Depression Catcher, Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties in the Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger., Holder In The Catcher in the Rye By J. D. Salinger, get custom He doesn't say yes directly because he doesn't want to write it for him. The third problem is the use of bilingual dictionaries. The symbol of isolation lies in the hat that Holden wears while he is writing. It is an implicit comparison of two unlike objects. They can be nouns, adjectives and verbs. Some critics scolded the novel as being too pessimistic or obscene, too harsh for the society of the 1950's. London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1988. The author used the next kind of epithets grand people (J. D. Salinger: 8) which is a simple epithet because is used by an adjective and a noun. Holden gets up and goes into Ackleys room, his face covered in blood. One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Grammatical transformations are characterized by various principles grammatical and lexical as well, though the principal role is given to grammatical ones. He wants life to remain frozen like the display cases in the museum. In translation, both the source language and the target one are important. . Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. In order to achieve the main goal and to study these important features of this theme the following specific objectives must be considered. Along with traditional combinations in languages unexpected combinations are also possible, but they are quite clear, for they follow generally accepted semantic models of word combinability. . How did Holden know Stradlater's date, Jane Gallagher? I knew I wouldnt meet anyone that knew me, and it was pretty damp out. why does holden write the composition for stradlater . The mitt is representive of all these things. But it is necessary to convey some very specific details from the original socio-cultural reality in order to remind the target audience that the source text is written in another culture. can i write about composition?? ?>. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. The fact that this test again depends on speakers' judgments about relatedness, however, means that this test for polysemy is not infallible, but is rather merely a helpful conceptual aid. Salinger, J.D. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. False friends - are an umbrella term where some similarity between two words in a language pair dealt with look or sound sufficiently alike to sometimes make translators render the source word by a target word that is semantically wrong in that context. If you do, you start missing everybody"? Associated with the noun following it, pointing out to a feature which is essential to the object they describe; Unassimilated with the noun, epithets that add a feature which is unexpected and which strike the reader. New York Times Book Review 15 July 1951, 5. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. Once the idiom has been recognized and understood, the task is not yet finished: in the contrary, one could say that has just begun. So his main characters (who have a lot of obstacles) learn about happiness. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. In New Zealand there was a book called Pounamu Pounamu by Witi Ihimaera. Sometimes in translation, the translator will face some problems related to the equivalences of source and target languages. One of the most important translation difficulties is grammatical translation difficulties which is the hardest one in the identification and in the same time which change the structure and the meaning of the words from the source text into target text. Thus when comparing stylistic devices we can easily identify complete correspondence, partial correspondence and even sometimes absence of correspondence and their functions. Alex Gross, The Theories of Translation. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). Holden watches from the hill because he doesn't want to go down and see the students. One language may express a given meaning by means of a single word, another may express it by means of a transparent fixed expression, a third may express it by means of an idiom, and so on. One problem which will arise in translation is the translating of the third-person pronoun from Persian as a source text- into English as a target text. Each language can form uncountable number new word combinations that will be understood by its bearers. The New Republic, Vol. Salinger. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. The ducks represented how he would feel, being happy. The scientists identify the next types of translation difficulties and these types are: The first step towards an examination of the process of translation must be to accept that although translation has a central core of linguistic activity, it belongs most properly to semiotics, the science that studies sign systems or structures, sign processes and sign functions (Hawkes, Structuralism and Semiotics, London, 1977). It occurs in Chapter 22, after Holden has slipped quietly back into his apartment and is speaking with Phoebe. Log in here. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. If originally published today, the novel would probably create little publicity and garner only average book sales. (2019, Mar 02). It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. However, if Fred and Joe agree on the fact that the cat has fleas, they may further question why this is so and put forth an explanation: "The reason the cat has fleas is that the weather has been damp." how does this poem differ from traditional sonnets interflora; airmessage vs blue bubbles; southside legend strain effects; abd insurance and financial services; valenzuela city ordinance violation fines; my summer car cheatbox; vfs global japan visa nepal contact number; beaver owl fox dolphin personality test; Community Identical stylistic devices are used differently in languages; they perform different functions and have different value in stylistic system of their language what actually explains their necessity when transformations in translation occur. Contact us As suggested by Kussmaul (1995), it is a good practice to classify the kinds of errors/difficulties. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. Accessed 4 Mar. Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. When Holden is writing a composition about a baseball glove for Stradlater, he reminisces about his little brother, Allie, who dies because of his sickness in which was leukemia. Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria: They were fighting over writing the English composition. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Holden introduced her to Stradlater, because he didn't want to date her himself. The museum presents him with a vision of life he can understand: it is frozen, silent, and always the same. Every word in a language carries some concrete notion. Why wouldn't Holden be back to Pencey after Christmas vacation? ; Young goats, their meat, or leather made from their hides. On the one hand, despises his room mates and headmaster of Elton Hills prep school ,but does have a favorite teacher. The modern world's general moral change and the individual's alienation from the society serve. Phoniness, for Holden, stands as an emblem of everything that's wrong in the world around him and provides an excuse for him to withdraw into his cynical isolation. In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. Need urgent help with your paper? It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. According to most analyses, The Catcher in the Rye is a bildungsroman, a novel about a young character's growth into maturity. Loneliness supposes a change in life for too many characters. Stuff may also refer to: This word appear in the novel from the first pages ofthe noveland the author used the all meanings of the word stuff. on 50-99 accounts. He is best known for his book, Catcher in the Rye, a book about a seventeen-year-old teenager, struggling through his teenager years, falling into a depression and trying to understand the real world. Salinger used his teenage years as reference in creating Holden. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. [18]. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature., Many scientists investigated J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray expressed their points of view such as: In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness [among youths] that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." This twofold approach, social and cultural, can help better understand the whole context in which Salinger produced his literary masterpiece, which in turn can greatly help in understanding the reception of the novel in the two cultures and its status in contemporary society. Holden decides to write about his dead brother's baseball glove because he is deeply depressed about his death and has not come to terms with his grief over the loss of his brother. The second chapter contains practical information from the book written by the writer that represent this period J. D. Salinger with his best-known novel The Catcher in the Rye. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need Romanian version imitates indeed the way teenagers speak nowadays and uses more colorful equivalents and expressions than the first version. He also feels that it is his duty to protect others and himself from growing up. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Or the time when Holden's roommate Stradlater was not satisfied with the composition he asked Holden to write and Holden reacted to it. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. The whole arrangements designed for men who, at some time or other in their lives, were looking for something their own environment couldn't supply them with. Its a fine book, with interesting racial perspectives and the conflict is about cultural differences. It was started by trying to define the concept of translation based on significant theoreticians points of view but it had not been an easy task. Only by seeing the real function of the language can people understand why Salinger is a master in rendering and imitating teenagers colloquial speech and thus come closer to the essence of the novel. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Nobodys move. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. For example, his conversation with Carl Luce and his date with Sally Hayes are made unbearable by his rude behavior. The conclusion was that the main reasons behind his retirement from the public world refer to his great disappointment with the disturbing elements brought along by success and his desire to find a peaceful existence, most likely as a result of the Second World War experiences and, later on, of the strong influences of Zen philosophy. The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. It is significant that in the final sentence Holden uses the second-person pronoun you instead of the first-person me. It seems to be an attempt to distance him from the inevitable process of change. He does not want to grow up because hes afraid of the unknown, or whats coming next in his life. All stylistic devices are multi functional. Besides, a short, compared with the noun predicate can not bear the emphatic sense of a large group of nouns. CompletelyFlammable 2 yr. ago. However, our English teacher was a belligerent person who claimed to know the 'mind of the writer' and claimed to have know him . The main aim is to analyze J. D. Salingers literary fiction and his impact on Romanian readers as reflected by the translations of his literary creations into Romanian, mainly centering on his novel: The Catcher in the Rye. There are different types of lexical difficulties in translation and the main of them are: A polysemy is a word or phrase with multiple, related meanings. The real thing, with the curtain of language somehow made transparent. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. The conversation in which Mr. Antolini speaks these words takes place in Chapter 24. What did Holden write a composition about? From the investigated material it can be concluded that: Researching this paper is established that: J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. During a period was established that Salinger's writing has influenced several prominent writers, prompting Harold Brodkey (himself an O. Henry Award-winning author) to state in 1991: "His is the most influential body of work in English prose by anyone since Hemingway." "When Holden writes composition for Stradlater in "The Catcher in the Rye, does that represent isolation? Even so, Holden desperately continues searching for new relationships, always undoing himself only at the last moment. This has been mainly achieved by the careful and analytical comparison of some identical passages from the ST with its translations. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. Salinger. Holden's curiosity about where the ducks go during the winter reveals a genuine, more youthful side to his character. For example, Holden's use of qualifiers such as "if you want to know the truth," "I know what I'm talking about," or "I'm not kidding" serve to emphasize how unsure Holden is of what he's saying or how well he'll be received. Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process. Salinger uses society as the source of discord in this case to be isolated from. Stuff is a collection of junk or a group of items or matter. Others, however, nominated Salinger himself as the top-flight "catcher in the rye" for that period in American history. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only does it . I swear to God I don't (Chapter 9). I personally thought the red hunting hat, The Museum of Natural History, and The Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon were the most significant and came up regularly in the novel. In The Catcher in the Rye, how does Holden describe his mother?
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